using System;
using System.Linq;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Collections.Concurrent;
using System.Reflection;
using System.Linq.Expressions;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

var method = typeof(Rules).GetMethod(nameof(Rules.Positive))!;
try { method.Invoke(null, new object?[] { 0 }); }
catch (TargetInvocationException error)
{
    Console.WriteLine($"outer:{error.GetType().Name}");
    Console.WriteLine($"inner:{error.InnerException!.GetType().Name}");
}
Func<int, int> direct = Rules.Positive;
try { direct(0); } catch (ArgumentOutOfRangeException error) { Console.WriteLine($"delegate:{error.GetType().Name}"); }
static class Rules { public static int Positive(int value) => value > 0 ? value : throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(nameof(value)); }